The Africanized Honeybee is about 1/2-inch in length, and appears golden-yellow with darker bands of brown. Some specimens appear a darker brown than others. Most importantly however, they are virtually identical to the European Honeybee. Africanized honeybees (AHB) are actually a subspecies of the European honeybee, and the two look exactly the same.

Only an expert making numerous microscopic measurements can tell the two apart. The difference, however, becomes readily apparent in the aggressiveness of the AHB when its colony is disturbed, hence the nickname "killer bees." The AHB releases an alarm pheromone that calls all the workers to "battle". They will attack and sting any moving animal or object. They will chase and sting people for hundreds of yards and have been known to sting people and pets over a whole neighborhood block. Deaths may occur due to allergic reactions when a large number of stings are received. It may take hours for the bees to settle down and return to the colony. Other honeybees will attack and sting for a few minutes and then settle down rather quickly. Since one cannot tell the difference between AHB and other honeybees simply by looking, all honeybees in areas where the AHB are active should be viewed with caution. Once having arrived in the United States, the AHB has become established from Texas to Southern California. Colonies have also been discovered in Florida and a few other southeastern states, but these have been quickly eradicated. In the wild, honeybees most often nest inside cavities of trees. They will also nest within caves and cracks in rock formations. Occasionally, a colony will decide to nest inside a crawl space, an attic, a wall void, or a chimney in a home.

Because the Africanized honeybee cannot be distinguished from its native cousins without detailed scientific measurements, any honeybee nest or swarm found in southwestern states should be respected at a safe distance. In the interest of safety, we consider all swarms and colonies to be Africanized! Only experienced pest management professionals should be contacted to deal with colonies or swarms of honeybees. Never attempt to treat such nests without the proper training and equipment. Once the colony inside a wall or attic has been eliminated, the building owner will need to open the wall and remove all the honey and honeycomb. If not removed, the honey will rot, produce strong odors and seeping stains, and will attract other insect pests.